Gradient syllable weight and weight universals in quantitative metrics*
نویسنده
چکیده
Homeric Greek, Kalevala Finnish, Old Norse andMiddle Tamil are all languages in which weight is claimed to be exclusively binary in the poetic metrics. As I demonstrate through corpus studies of these traditions, the poets were sensitive to additional grades of weight, such that finely articulated continua of syllable weight can be inferred from distributional asymmetries in the metres. Across all four languages, the scales are strongly correlated (for example, in each, C0V<C0VC<C0VV<C0VVC). These language-internal scales reflect the crosslinguistic typology of categorical weight criteria, providing new evidence for weight universals. A metrical grammar is proposed in a maximum entropy constraint framework in which categorical and scalar/gradient constraints interact to generate the weight-mapping typology.
منابع مشابه
Probabilistic grammar and the Portuguese Stress Corpus
This paper proposes a weight-based probabilistic approach to stress in Portuguese. Previous analyses have argued that weight-sensitivity in the language is categorical and restricted to word-final syllables. I show that weight effects in Portuguese are gradient and can be found across all three positions in the stress domain (three-syllable window). I also compare two domains of weight computat...
متن کاملExploring Timing in Accents of British English
This paper reports an investigation of speech timing in spontaneous speech of four British English accents spoken in Cambridge, Glasgow, Leeds and Bradford. We tested the effect of lexical stress, word boundary and syllable weight on syllable durations and found systematic differences between Glasgow and Cambridge on all factors, with Glasgow being the most conservative about lengthening. Diffe...
متن کاملConstrained emergence of universals and variation in syllable systems.
A computational model of emergent syllable systems is developed based on a set of functional constraints on syllable systems and the assumption that language structure emerges through cumulative change over time. The constraints were derived from general communicative factors as well as from the phonetic principles of perceptual distinctiveness and articulatory ease. Through evolutionary optimi...
متن کاملA Phonetically-driven Account of Syllable Weight
It is proposed that syllable weight is driven by considerations of phonetic effectiveness and phonological simplicity. The phonetically best distinctions are claimed to be those which divide syllables into groups which are phonetically most distinct from each other. Phonologically complex distinctions are those which exceed an upper threshold in the number of phonological predicates to which th...
متن کاملWeight-by-Position Adjunction and Syllable Structure
Most cross-linguistic variation in weight criteria is attributed to the parameterized application of Weight-by-Position adjunction to codas on a language-specific basis (Hayes 1989). This paper explores the hypothesis that coda weight is ultimately predictable from syllable structure. An extensive survey of quantity-sensitive stress systems shows that languages that allow a proportionately larg...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2011